The Well-tempered Self: Formations of the Cultural Subject (2024)

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Episodic Ethics, Post-modern Culture and the Sources of the Self

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Jorge Martínez-Lucena

As David Hume in the eighteen century, Gallen Strawson has shook the recent Philosophy of Mind. He has undermined the typical western notion of the Self. In Against Narrativity, he asserts that: (A) the Self is something different from the Human Being; (B) the self is not always diachronic (or pre-narrative); (C) each Self roughly has a three seconds duration; (D) there are several (infinite) sorts of Selves between the most diachronic and the most episodic ones; (E) the kind of Self that I am being depends on my genetics and on my present situation, … This notion of the Self changes the typical western anthropology and Ethics. The Self as a strong concept disappears and our ethics must be revised. Kathy Wilkes disagrees and argues against this episodic ethics in his Know Thyself. Marya Schechtman also disagrees, but hardly modifies her notion of the Self in her Stories, Lives, and Basic Survival: A Refinement and Defense of the Narrative View in order to get a difficult agreement with Strawson and his materialism. At the same time, the sociological analysis of the Post-modern culture is talking about deep changes in our ethics. Lyotard said that all the metanarratives had ended up. Without ideologies, ethics are now more selfish, narcissistic, individualistic, liquid… Lipovetsky, Lasch or Bauman would agree. And the former would also affirm that this is a good thing and a great step forward. This paper aims to understand the connection between the metamorphosis of the Self –happened inside the specific world of Philosophy of Mind- and the turn of our culture and ethics. First of all, I will try to outline the Strawson/Schechtman debate about the Self, and the Strawson/Wilkes ethical debate. These will let us weigh up the pros and cons of each their views. Then, I will look for some reasonable solutions to the opened questions in the current bibliography. After that, I will try to find the connection between the episodic ethics, as explained by Strawson in his Episodic Ethics, and the Lipovetsky’s sociological view. I would like to elucidate whether the strawsonian episodic ethics are merely a theoretical attempt to answer to the ethical question objectively. Or, following a genealogical interpretation, it also might just be that the origin of the strawsonian discourse were a nihilist culture that uses the materialistic philosophy to justify the way of life that it promotes. In other words, in the later our culture would be drying up the Sources of the Self explained by Taylor.

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The Well-tempered Self: Formations of the Cultural Subject (2024)
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